Combined rotor faults diagnosis in induction motors using MVSA and Intra-Mode Variational Modal Decomposition (IM-VMD)
More details
Hide details
1
Hassan II University, National High School for Electricity and Mechanics (ENSEM), Laboratory of Advanced Research in Industrial Engineering and Logistics (LARILE), Casablanca, Morocco
2
École Centrale Casablanca, Complex Systems and Interactions Research Center, Casablanca, Morocco
3
College of Computing, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P-CC), Benguerir, Morocco
Submission date: 2026-03-11
Final revision date: 2026-05-17
Acceptance date: 2026-05-17
Online publication date: 2026-05-18
Publication date: 2026-05-18
Corresponding author
Ismail Ait Mellal
Hassan II University, National High School for Electricity and Mechanics (ENSEM), Laboratory of Advanced Research in Industrial Engineering and Logistics (LARILE), Casablanca, Morocco
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
In modern industry, uninterrupted production is essential for maintaining competitiveness and operational efficiency. To ensure continuity, industries rely on advanced diagnostic approaches supported by performance indicators such as reliability and risk assessment. With the emergence of Industry 4.0, smart devices and Internet of Things (IoT) technologies further enhance monitoring capabilities and enable intelligent optimization of industrial processes. In this context, this study addresses the challenge of detecting combined faults in three-phase induction machines using vibration signals. The main objective is to identify fault signatures at an early stage, even when multiple defects interact simultaneously. To achieve this, an intra-mode variational mode decomposition (IM-VMD) method incorporating a source separation strategy is applied to decompose vibration signals into intrinsic modes. This approach allows effective isolation of fault-related components and improves signal interpretability in both time and frequency domains. The results demonstrate accurate identification of fault signatures, with extracted frequency components closely matching theoretical predictions. A high correlation coefficient ranging from 0.95 to 1 confirms the robustness of the method, highlighting its potential for reliable early fault detection in industrial applications.
FUNDING
This research received no external.
REFERENCES (30)
1.
Ouachtouk I, el Hani S, Guedira S, et al. Broken rotor bar fault detection based on stator current envelopes analysis in squirrel cage induction machine. In: 2017 IEEE International Electric Machines and Drives Conference (IEMDC). IEEE, 2017:1-6.
https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMDC.....
2.
Ait Mellal, Ismail, Lahbabi, Salma, et Dahi, Khalid. Artificial Intelligence for Fault Diagnosis of Induction Motors in Manufacturing (Monitoring 4.0). In: International Conference on Advanced Intelligent Systems for Sustainable Development. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland. 2023:225-237.
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-....
3.
Goolak S, Gubarevych O, Yurchenko V, et al. A review of diagnostic information processing methods in the construction of systems for operating diagnostics of rotor eccentricity of induction motors. Diagnostyka, 2025;26(1):2025104.
https://doi.org/10.29354/diag/....
4.
Gyftakis KN, Spyropoulos DV, Kappatou JC, Mitronikas ED. A novel approach for broken bar fault diagnosis in induction motors through torque monitoring. IEEE Trans. Energy Convers. 2013;28 (2):267‑277.
https://doi.org/10.1109/TEC.20....
5.
Zhang S, Zhang S, Wang B, et al. Deep learning algorithms for bearing fault diagnostics - A comprehensive review. IEEE access. 2020;8:29857-29881.
https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS....
6.
Bessous N, Zouzou SE, Sbaa S, et W. Bentrah. A comparative study between the MCSA, DWT and the vibration analysis methods to diagnose the dynamic eccentricity fault in induction motors. 6th International Conference on Systems and Control (ICSC), Batna, Algeria: IEEE. 2017:414‑421.
https://doi.org/10.1109/ICoSC.....
7.
Ramli DA, Shiong YH, Hassan N. Blind source separation (BSS) of mixed maternal and fetal electrocardiogram (ECG) signal: A comparative study. Procedia Computer Science. 2020;176:582-591.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proc....
8.
Xie Y, Chen P, Li F, et al. Electromagnetic forces signature and vibration characteristic for diagnosis broken bars in squirrel cage induction motors. Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing. 2019; 123:554-572.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ymss....
9.
Bessous N, Sbaa S, Toumi A. Experimental investigation on broken rotor bar faults in three phase induction motors using MVSA-FFT method. In: 2018 6th International Conference on Control Engineering & Information Technology (CEIT). IEEE, 2018:1-7.
https://doi.org/10.1109/CEIT.2....
10.
Ouachtouk I, el Hani S, Guedira S, et al. Advanced model of squirrel cage induction machine for broken rotor bars fault using multi indicators. Advances in Electrical and Electronic Engineering. 2016:14(5): 512.
https://doi.org/10.15598/aeee.....
11.
Gritli Y, di Tommaso AO, Miceli R, et al. Closed-loop bandwidth impact on MVSA for rotor broken bar diagnosis in IRFOC double squirrel cage induction motor drives. In: 2013 International Conference on Clean Electrical Power (ICCEP). IEEE. 2013:529-534.
https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCEP.....
12.
Abid A, Khan MT, Iqbal Jd. A review on fault detection and diagnosis techniques: basics and beyond. Artificial Intelligence Review. 2021;54(5):3639-3664.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10462....
13.
Alshorman O, Alkahatni F, Masadeh M, et al. Sounds and acoustic emission-based early fault diagnosis of induction motor: A review study. Advances in Mechanical Engineering. 2021;13(2).
https://doi.org/10.1177/168781....
14.
Treml AE, Flauzino RA, Suetake M, et al. Experimental database for detecting and diagnosing rotor broken bar in a three-phase induction motor. IEEE DataPort, 2020.
https://doi.org/10.21227/FMNM-....
15.
Patil AR, Buchaiah S, Shakya P. Combined VMD-morlet wavelet filter based signal de-noising approach and its applications in bearing fault diagnosis. Journal of Vibration Engineering & Technologies. 2024;12(7): 7929-7953.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s42417....
16.
Makrouf I, Zegrari M, Dahi K, et al. A novel framework for multi-sensor data fusion in bearing fault diagnosis using continuous wavelet transform and transfer learning. e-Prime-Advances in Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Energy. 2025;13: 101025.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prim....
17.
Shi Z, Li Y, Liu S. A review of fault diagnosis methods for rotating machinery. In: 2020 IEEE 16th International Conference on Control & Automation (ICCA). IEEE. 2020:1618-1623.
https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCA51....
18.
Cardoso J-F, Souloumiac A. Blind beamforming for non-Gaussian signals. In: IEE proceedings F (radar and signal processing). IET Digital Library. 1993: 362-370.
https://doi.org/10.1049/ip-f-2....
19.
Rutledge DN, Bouveresse DJ-R. Independent components analysis with the JADE algorithm. TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry. 2013;50:22-32.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trac....
20.
Isham MF, Leong MS, Lim MH, et al. A review on variational mode decomposition for rotating machinery diagnosis. In: MATEC Web of Conferences. EDP Sciences. 2019:2017.
https://doi.org/10.1051/matecc....
21.
Civera M, Surace C. A comparative analysis of signal decomposition techniques for structural health monitoring on an experimental benchmark. Sensors. 2021;21(5):1825.
https://doi.org/10.3390/s21051....
22.
Koldovský Z, Tichavský P, Ono N. Orthogonally-constrained extraction of independent non-Gaussian component from non-Gaussian background without ICA. In: International Conference on Latent Variable Analysis and Signal Separation. Cham: Springer International Publishing. 2018:161-170.
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-....
23.
Wang Z, Gu Y, Chen C, et al. Induction motor noise source separation and identification based on adaptive scale-space mode extraction. Machines. 2023;11(4): 449.
https://doi.org/10.3390/machin....
24.
Soleimani Y, Cruz SMA, Haghjoo F. Broken rotor bar detection in induction motors based on air-gap rotational magnetic field measurement. IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement. 2018;68:8.
https://doi.org/10.1109/TIM.20....
25.
Dahi K, Elhani S, Guedira S, et al. High-resolution spectral analysis method to identify rotor faults in WRIM using Neutral Voltage. International Conference on Electrical and Information Technologies (ICEIT). IEEE. 2015:82-87.
https://doi.org/10.1109/EITech....
26.
Ouachtouk I, El Hani S, Dahi K. wireless health monitoring system for rotor eccentricity faults detection in induction MACHINE. Advances in Electrical & Electronic Engineering. 2017;(15):3.
https://doi.org/10.15598/aeee.....
27.
Shari A, Ali AA, Almudhaffer M. Combination of FFT & ICA methods for faults analysis of rotating machine. Proceedings of the International Conference on Information and Communication Technology. 2019: 196-202.
https://doi.org/10.1145/332128....
28.
Jiang Y, Zhu H, Li Z. A new compound faults detection method for rolling bearings based on empirical wavelet transform and chaotic oscillator. Chaos, Solitons & Fractals. 2016;89:8-19.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chao....
29.
Gubarevych O, Wierzbicki S, Petrenko O, Melkonova I, Riashchenko O. Modular unit for monitoring of elements of asynchronous machine for improving reliability during operation. Diagnostyka, 2024;25(4):2024411.
https://doi.org/10.29354/diag/....
30.
Gubarevych O, Gerlici J, Kravchenko O, et al. Use of Park’s vector method for monitoring the rotor condition of an induction motor as a part of the built-in diagnostic system of electric drives of transport. Energies. 2023;16(13):5109.
https://doi.org/10.3390/en1613....